航空领域电阻全新解决方案

Resistors for space

太空行业的电阻

For more than ten years, Isabellenhütte has been providing low-ohmic precision resistors for modern space applications, qualified according to the high ESA specifications ESCC4001. Recently, the demand for less qualified components, such as those used in the automotive sector, has been increasing, not least for cost reasons. Isabellenhütte provides its(new-space) customers with detailed qualification data for this purpose on the one hands and enables customer-specific re-qualification of the resistors on the other. Starting in September 2020, Isabellenhütte will start up its own production lines for the so-called EEE components (electrical, electronic and electromechanical components for the space sector).

十多年来，Isabellenhuette一直致力于为现代太空行业提供低欧姆精密电阻，并通过了欧洲航天局（ESA）的认证标准证书 ESCC4001。近年来，由于对成本的控制，对相对较低质量元器件的需求在不断增长，例如汽车应用领域电阻。Isabellenhuette一方面向客户提供详细的合格数据报告，另一方面又可以根据客户提出的具体要求对电阻进行重新测试。自2020年9月起，Isabellenhuette将企动全新EEE元器件电阻产线，用于航天领域的电气，电子以及机电组件。

ESCC-qualified components from Isabellenhütte includes resistors from the SMx series, i.e. SMP, SMS and SMT as the classic representatives of chip resistors, as well as SMV resistors. Possible applications include DC/DC converters or battery management systems in satellites or central control systems in launchers. The tasks of the resistors do not differ significantly from those on earth - for example in the automotive sector - the challenging thing is the environmental conditions, such as the increased radiation in space. However, this affects active components or semiconductor elements more, which can be more severely affected than passive components.

Isabellenhuette提供的电阻器SMx系列经过ESCC认证，作为贴片式电阻的经典代表包括SMP, SMS，SMT以及SMV。其应用领域包括卫星中的DC/DC转换器，电池管理系统，或发射器内的中央控制系统。它的应用与我们平时在陆地上使用的没有明显的区别，比如汽车领域的挑战就是苛刻的环境条件，太空领域的挑战就是大量辐射。然而这对有源元件或半导体元件影响更大。

Precision and long-term stability

精度和长期稳定性

What makesIsabellenhütte's resistors for space applications stand out is the precision, reliability and load capacity of the components and their high long-term stability. After all, components cannot be easily replaced in space. If launch vehicles generate strong vibrations during launch, the resistors withstand this very well thanks to their large solder pads and lead-tinned terminals. This also has a positive effect on possible whisker growth, which is avoided by the lead-tin coating.

Isabellenhuette在太空领域之所以脱颖而出，是因为其电阻的精密，可靠，负载能力以及长期稳定性。毕竟在太空中不容易更换电阻，如果运载火箭在发射过程中产生强烈的振动，由于其交大的焊盘和镀锡端子，电阻可以很好地抵抗这种情况。这也可能对晶须生长具有积极作用，铅锡涂层可以避免这种情况。

Suitability of automotive components

汽车零部件的适用性

In addition to the resistors mentioned, which are qualified according to ESA specifications and thus listed in the ESA Qualified Parts List (QPL), other resistors fromIsabellenhütte that meet the specifications of the automotive sector may also be suitable. For manufacturers in space projects, this is where the trade-off between cost reduction through lower-qualified components and the increase in the risk of failure when using these components begins. A higher-quality component is advantageous for more demanding applications that require long-term availability, such as telecommunications, navigation systems or weather satellites. For shorter-term missions, where satellites are only used for a few months in space, or for launchers that have only a single mission, these components often do not pay off and users look for cheaper alternatives.

除了上述所提及的符合欧洲航天局（ESA）标准而列于合格电阻零件清单（QPL）之外，复合汽车行业标准的Isabellenhuette电阻器也能适用。对于太空项目的制造商来说，就是在通过降低成本而增加失败风险的可性能。高质量的电阻元器件的优势在于实现长期适用性的应用领域，例如电信，导航系统，或者气象卫星。但是相比对短期太空项目（仅使用几个月的卫星），或是仅执行一次性任务的发射器而言，这些高质量电阻便无法获得长期回报，客户也会寻求更便宜的替代方案。

Customer-specific post-qualifications

客户特定的资格后审

Daniel Theis, industry manager for Aerospace in Isabellenhütte's Components Sales department, has identified a clear need for information on the part of aerospace engineers, which Isabellenhütte would like to meet: "Since last year, we have had an increasing number of requests for qualification data for our components - what can the components do? How precisely do they behave in applications according to the ESCC specifications? We are happy to offer these data and qualifications as a service, i.e. we can pass on extensive data on qualifications that have already been carried out and also carry out customer-specific post-qualifications of components, e.g. according to ESA or NASA specifications or customer-specific requirements."

DanielTheis先生是Isabellenhuette精密电阻销售部门航空航天行业的经理，他明确指出了航空航天工程师的需求：“过去几年，我们从客户那边收到越来越多对我们元器件电阻资质数据的需求，这些电阻到底有何能耐？根据ESCC标准它到底有多精确？我们非常乐意提供这些数据和资格认证分享给大家，也就是哪些已经通过资格审查的大量数据信息，并执行客户特定的资格后审，例如根据欧洲航天局（ESA）或者NASA的客户特定需求。”

Independent production line for EEE components

独立的EEE电阻生产线

To be able to react even faster and more individually to (new) space requests, in the futureIsabellenhütte will separate its EEE component production from the production of automotive components. Starting in September 2020, the company's own production lines are to be available exclusively for EEE components, so that time bottlenecks in delivery can be avoided and the components can be manufactured and delivered according to order.

为了能够更快地响应太空项目的需求，从2020年9月开始Isabellenhuette将把EEE电阻生产线与汽车电阻生产线分开。这样可以避免交货期的瓶颈，并可以按订单制造和交付产品。

ISA-WELD® resistor BVR for the QPL

用于合格零件清单的ISA-WELD®BVR系列电阻

Isabellenhütte is currently working on qualifying an ISA-WELD® resistor (BVR) according to ESCCspecifications and thus establishing it in the QPL (Qualified Parts List). It could be used as an extension of the resistance values in the lower range (for0.2 to two milliohms), for which there is currently no qualified component available. In addition, Isabellenhütte considers the post-qualification of cheaper automotive components for possible new-space projects to be a complementary addition to the sale of the listed components.

Isabellenhuette目前正在根据ESSC规范对ISA-WELD®电阻BVR系列进行鉴定，从而将其建立在合格零件清单（QPL）当中。它可以用于较低阻值范围的扩展（0.2至2毫欧），目前尚无合格电阻。此外，我们认为较便宜的汽车电阻资格后审可能是对新航空项目元件电阻的补充。